Evolution

Cells are small compartments that hold the biological equipment necessary to keep an organism alive and successful.

The common features of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are DNA, the genetic material contained in one or more chromosomes and located in a nonmembrane bound nucleoid region in prokaryotes and a membrane-bound nucleus in eukaryotes, the plasma membrane, a phospholipid bilayer with proteins that separates the cell from the surrounding environment and functions as a selective barrier for the import and export of materials, cytoplasm, the rest of the material of the cell within the plasma membrane, excluding the nucleoid region or nucleus, that consists of a fluid portion called the cytosol and the organelles and other particulates suspended in it and finally ribosomes, the organelles on which protein synthesis takes place

 

The organelles developing within species all have structural similarities in relation to function. The mitochondria on a single cell is very similar to that of an entire species, yet mitochondria are found in almost all forms of organisms that have existed on Earth.